When you have a fever, the first question is how urgently you need medical assessment. A raised temperature can occur with a common infection, but the thermometer reading alone cannot decide between rest, a doctor's appointment and emergency care. Breathing, alertness, ability to drink, changes in symptoms and your medical history also matter.
This guide is for adults. Babies and children need age-specific advice: do not automatically apply the same guidance to them.
Fever and emergency warning signs: when to call 112
In Italy, call 112 for severe breathing difficulty, sudden confusion, difficulty waking someone or blue lips. Fever with a severe headache and a stiff neck also needs urgent medical attention. These are examples of warning signs, not a checklist that rules out every other danger. [2, 3]
Do not wait for a WhatsApp reply or a private appointment if you suspect an emergency. A serious illness can occur without a high fever, particularly in an older or vulnerable adult. [2]
What temperature counts as a fever?
38 °C or above is commonly considered a fever. Results also depend on how temperature is measured. Follow your thermometer's instructions and tell the doctor when and where you took the reading. If you feel unwell, a reading below 38 °C should not be your only reason for reassurance. [1]
When to contact a doctor rather than keep waiting
Seek medical advice if you are getting worse or your fever is not improving with care at home. A fever lasting more than 48–72 hours warrants a discussion with a doctor; do not wait that long if other problems develop. Mention pain when passing urine, a new rash, significant long-term conditions or recent travel. [1, 3]
If you have a weakened immune system, are receiving chemotherapy or take immunosuppressive treatment, contact your treating team promptly and follow their fever instructions. Pregnancy and the period after childbirth also require particular attention. [2, 3]
What to do while arranging medical advice
Rest and drink regularly to reduce dehydration. Avoid close contact with others while you have a fever. If you need medicine for discomfort, ask a doctor or pharmacist what is suitable for you: this guide does not provide an individual treatment plan. Worsening symptoms need reassessment even if your temperature comes down. [1]
Online consultation or doctor home visit?
An online doctor consultation gives you an opportunity to discuss how symptoms developed, share relevant records and receive advice about the next step. Arrange a reliable connection and a quiet, well-lit space for the appointment. [4]
The choice should reflect what needs to be assessed. If a physical examination is necessary, a video call cannot replace it. A home visit does not replace hospital care or investigations when those are needed. Read our guide to choosing an online consultation or home visit.
Doc On Call offers doctor home visits in Rome and Rimini and telemedicine across Italy. The team checks availability and address coverage; the doctor assesses clinical suitability. See the current fees before contacting the service.
What information should you give the doctor?
- When the fever started, measured temperatures and other symptoms.
- How you have changed and any advice already received.
- Your medicines, allergies and existing conditions.
- Recent travel and your current location.
This reminder helps organise the discussion. It is not a self-assessment test for deciding how serious an illness is.
Frequently asked questions
Does a temperature of 39 °C always mean an emergency?
A reading alone does not determine the right care. Your symptoms, overall condition and medical history matter. For emergency warning signs in Italy, call 112.
Can I request a doctor at my hotel?
You can ask about a visit to your accommodation within covered areas of Rome and Rimini. Share your address and symptoms before payment. For a suspected emergency, contact emergency services.
Does this guide cover fever in children?
No. Children need age-specific guidance and appropriate assessment.
Sources
Sources consulted on 18 October 2026. The international sources refer to their local health services; this guide uses 112 for emergencies in Italy. General information for adults; individual advice requires medical assessment.